1 Samuel 16:12

Authorized King James Version

And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח
And he sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#2
וַיְבִיאֵ֙הוּ֙
and brought him in
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#3
וְה֣וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#4
אַדְמוֹנִ֔י
Now he was ruddy
reddish (of the hair or the complexion)
#5
עִם
and withal
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#6
יְפֵ֥ה
of a beautiful
beautiful (literally or figuratively)
#7
עֵינַ֖יִם
countenance
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#8
וְט֣וֹב
and goodly
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
#9
רֹ֑אִי
to look to
sight, whether abstractly (vision) or concretely (a spectacle)
#10
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#11
יְהוָ֛ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
ק֥וּם
Arise
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#13
מְשָׁחֵ֖הוּ
anoint
to rub with oil, i.e., to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
#14
כִּי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#15
זֶ֥ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#16
הֽוּא׃
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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